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Interpretation: To Josephine

Jose Rizal dedicated this poem to Josephine Bracken. It was written during the hero’s exile in Dapitan.

Josephine, Josephine
Who to these shores have come
Looking for a nest, a home,
Like a wandering swallow;
If your fate is taking you
To Japan, China or Shanghai,
Don't forget that on these shores
A heart for you beats high.

The interpretation of these short lines of verse depend greatly on the historical background between Rizal and the lovely Josephine. However, from these verses alone, at least 3 things are apparent: first, that Rizal here is the unmoveable of the two, having been exiled and unable to leave the island; second, that as Josephine arrived in Dapitan in a sort of volatile, fleeting fashion although building a home there with him, he sees her as one that might also leave as freely as she had come, as she had none of the ties that bound her to that place; third, that any reader of these verses would sense that posture of loving, humbled submission that sets the tone of this entire piece.


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